Activated-sludge troubleshooting guidelines | Water Technology
Jun 18, 2014 · To solve a problem using guidelines and procedures: 1) identify the problem, 2) determine the most likely cause and 3) consider suggested remedies or corrective measures. In identifying a problem, visual observation of the treatment process is essential and settle-ability tests are vital. Settling-test observations lead to appropriate remedies ...
Bacteria and viruses commonly found in drinking water
Jul 30, 2014 · Legionella, a bacteria found naturally in the environment — typically in water, thrives in warm waters; this bacteria in water is a health risk if aerosolized (e.g., in a shower or air conditioning system) and inhaled, resulting in a type of pneumonia known as Legionnaires disease. Enteroviruses are small viruses, such as polioviruses, echoviruses and …
Production of High-Quality Demineralized Water for Steam …
Aug 17, 2021 · A demineralized water facility produces process water and boiler feed water for use in steam generation by boilers. It also returns steam condensate from plants and pretreats it. A demineralized water facility consists of the following: • Demineralized raw water tanks and raw demineralized water pumps.
5 key performance indicators in reverse osmosis operation
Dec 22, 2015 · The five most important parameters in reverse osmosis are the silt density index (SDI), differential pressure, normalized permeate flow, percent rejection and pressure drop coefficient. Reverse osmosis (RO) is a process that forces a feedwater stream containing dissolved impurities (salts and organics) through a semipermeable membrane into two ...
Piping for water and wastewater treatment systems
Oct 28, 2021 · Piping is an important part of modern water and wastewater treatment systems, water pumping units, desalination units, cooling water systems and others. Piping systems are like veins of modern plants. The piping is used to carry water, wastewater, chemicals and mixtures from one location to another. The design, construction, operation and ...
The basics of activated carbon adsorption | Water Technology
Feb 1, 2016 · Activated carbon removes water soluble organics and solids from water by backwashing. This MTZ has three working zones: Zone 1 (between A and B, a portion of the total length of the carbon bed) is completely used and no longer removes water-soluble contaminants. Zone 2 (between B and C) removes variable amounts of contaminants.
What are the parameters of an extended aeration ... - Water …
Oct 1, 2013 · Plants operating within an extended-aeration range are usually small and without 24-hour-per-day operator attendance. They ordinarily operate within a mean cell residence time (MCRT) in a range of 20-40 days and a food/microorganism (F/M) ratio between 0.05-0.15 lbs. MCRT is the average time a microorganism will spend in the activated sludge ...
Sludge Handling in Water & Wastewater Treatment
Apr 21, 2021 · Produced sludge in different stages of water/wastewater treatment facilities should be dewatered and disposed of properly. Sludge is a difficult and special fluid to handle. It needs special equipment for handling, transferring and processing. Further, sludge disposal requires great care as there are strict environmental rules to follow.
Boiler corrosion: Mechanical and chemical methods for control
May 2, 2023 · In the condensate piping, corrosion is mainly caused by the formation of carbonic acid. When the condensate travels back to the feedwater, CO 2 (carbon dioxide) absorbs into the water and forms H 2 CO 3 (carbonic acid). With such high-purity water in the condensate, it does not take much dissolved CO 2 to lower the pH to a corrosive range.
Troubleshooting a bladder pressure tank | Water Technology
Oct 13, 2010 · Troubleshooting guide. If it appears that a bladder tank is not operating correctly, check the tank’s air charge: Disconnect electrical power to the pump. Drain the tank by opening the closest faucet. Check the tank’s pressure by placing an air pressure gauge on the air charging valve on the top of the tank. Add air if the pressure is more ...