Sine-wave speech can be thought of as a sort of auditory illusion, a sensory edge case in which one’s experience has a clear “before” and “after” moment, like going through a one-way door.

The most basic wave of all is the sine wave, which contains no harmonic ... take the most common note used in instrument tuning as an example (which is the note A, located above middle C on ...

You may click on any underlined ratio to hear a sound example. In each case, the fundamental frequency is 100 Hz, both carrier and modulator are sine waves, and the modulation index is swept from 0 to ...