Ligation of the access vein can cause a central extension of the thrombus from the cephalic vein to deeper large veins. [9] Endothelial disruption caused by repeated trauma from the leads is ...

Extensive paraesophageal and mesenteric varices were present; the portal vein and superior mesenteric vein ... and inferior vena cava. A contrast-enhanced axial image at the level of the umbilicus ...

In regards to blood flow, deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus collect in the right atrium. From there, blood flows across the tricuspid valve into the ...

SPVCs usually originate from IVC or superior vena cava (SVC), from the innominate vein ... the innominate vein is connected to the atrium, and the left jugular vein (LJV) is sub-totally banded.

There was no venous pulsation in the neck, indicating the likely occlusion of the jugular veins. These signs were consistent with superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. Precordial examination was ...

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The TT was then milked below the major hepatic veins, and the IVC was clamped ... If there is tumor in the RA, then the internal jugular cannula will be removed from the RA and then placed in the ...