into the dilated left renal vein (arrowhead) and the normal right inferior vena cava (open arrowhead). The embryologically paired superior cardinal veins normally form the SVC on the right and the ...

There was no venous pulsation in the neck, indicating the likely occlusion of the jugular veins. These signs were consistent with superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. Precordial examination was ...

In many patients with pure hepatic vein thrombosis, the inferior vena cava appears narrowed at its ... intercostal, and azygos veins, are better indications of the impact of intrahepatic stenosis ...