Diagnosis Superior vena cava syndrome due to thrombotic obstruction ... An upper extremity venogram confirmed both jugular and subclavian veins to be completely patent, but there was a persistent ...

into the dilated left renal vein (arrowhead) and the normal right inferior vena cava (open arrowhead). The embryologically paired superior cardinal veins normally form the SVC on the right and the ...

The domestic ferret, though not as common a laboratory animal as the rat or mouse, serves as a model in critical research areas, including influenza biology and vaccine development. Studies ...

Sometimes, a patient may not have an accessible peripheral vein, even when ultrasound ... the straightest and shortest route to the superior vena cava and minimizes potential venous damage.