Emilio Aguinaldo wore a black bow in public to mourn his lost republic. On July 4, 1946, the United States granted the Philippines its independence and Aguinaldo removed his bow.
Led by Emilio Aguinaldo (1869-1964), the 1896 revolt carried the Filipinos to an anticipated war with Spain and an unanticipated war with the United States. Historians suggest that the roots of ...