Therefore, postoperative T-tube drainage is unnecessary for decompression of the biliary tree. In addition, the use of intraoperative choledochoscopy and cholangiography can also help eliminate ...

The findings imply that the selection of a diagnostic method for detecting postoperative residual bile duct stones should be ...

To these principles, Merendino et al. 120 have proposed that a fourth be added — controlled biliary decompression by T-tube drainage of the common duct. This is wise because the normal pressure ...

whereas LC should be restricted to large, multiple stones that cannot be extracted through the cystic duct. Postoperative T-tube drainage is unnecessary for decompression of the biliary tree.