Belcher is a village in Caddo Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 263 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Shreveport- Bossier city metropolitan statistical area. Previously named Horseshoe after the bayou that runs through the town, Belcher was renamed in 1899 after James Clinton Belcher, a former confederate soldier and overseā¦Belcher is a village in Caddo Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 263 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Shreveport- Bossier city metropolitan statistical area. Previously named Horseshoe after the bayou that runs through the town, Belcher was renamed in 1899 after James Clinton Belcher, a former confederate soldier and overseer of Wild Lucia plantation.